L’objet de cet article est double: 1) montrer que la Science de la logique de Hegel est incapable de rendre compte de la nature de la relation de causalité. Hegel explique plutôt la relation de causalité en la réduisant à une relation de conditionnalité. 2) Soutenir ensuite que cet échec n’est pas le propre de l’hégélianisme mais qu’il est le résultat inévitable de tout effort intellectuel pour comprendre la relation de causalité, quand on ne prend pas en compte la contribution (...) de la perception sensible à la connaissance. L’analyse philosophique peut alors conclure que la causalité, bien qu’elle soit perceptible par les sens, n’est pas compréhensible, tandis que la conditionnalité qui s’y substitue est compréhensible bien qu’elle ne soit pas perceptible. (shrink)

Everybody knows, by experience, that the mind can "determine" the body to motion and rest. However, nobody knows how this phenomenon is possible. This ignorance is a consequence of the limitations of our categories of thought. The awareness of our ignorance will lead to understand why we are unable to fathom the link between body and mind.

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:418 Feminist Studies 43, no. 2. © 2017 by the estate of tatiana de la tierra. Ode to Unsavory Lesbians i love an ugly lesbian one who walks with a limp talks with a lisp leaves her dentures out overnight by the bathroom sink wears polyester pants and men’s cologne, the cheap kind has a beard so long she steps on it sprouts warts on her toes, all twelve (...) of them carries a spittoon in her breast pocket chortles at church people i dream of a lesbian who’s always broke she doesn’t own a car, walks streets barefoot, near and far washes all her clothes by hand steals from walmart scams the business-suited man lights matches on her wooden leg barbeques freshly plucked birds on her shopping cart seasons them with salt, that’s all licks her fingers in the moonlight i crave a lesbian who’s fat and fleshy so big she can’t fit through the door at starbucks and they set up an outdoor café just for her so fat she wears bangles on her fingers her belly is a boom box her stretch marks are hieroglyphic etchings she’s so heavy, tectonic plates shift beneath her feet so huge, lake erie is her bathtub tatiana de la tierra tatiana de la tierra   419 i lust after an unsavory lesbian she blows away my lackluster day leads me in a lambada, lights lantern between my legs lays my head down on lace pillows humps me like a lamppost lacerates me with leather lust lacquers my body with blue latex paint logs the forest for prime wood builds me lakeside throne sets me there and worships me —goddess in blue— lines my path with lady slippers ravishes me with sex words pets me like a little lamb wins me by a landslide To My Kidneys i had no inkling of your existence those summers when i swam in waters at the turkey point nuclear power plant a mile from home was proud of the organic salad tomatoes and the steaming peppermint tea that came from backyard garden a block from the rex chemicals plant life at 29822 SW 147th avenue in leisure city was anything but leisurely 420 tatiana de la tierra it was all screaming and fighting and cursing hijueputa this and hijueputa that poverty pissed me off i drank too much high fructose corn syrup not enough purified water snorted cocaine smoked dope lived all toughed out while you worked silently on my behalf filtering purifying regulating i was an angry girl but i blew up no buildings killed no one i was all hot air exploding inside letting carnage settle harden at twenty-nine something was wrong the damage was done your tubules were atrophying glomeruli were dead and dying you were inflamed and irate i had twenty-four grams of protein in the urine all swollen and freakishly feverish pouring my fluids into vials and beakers tried to recollect every sun burn those little red dots on my childhood skin tatiana de la tierra   421 i was a medical mystery for months until the day doctors made a diagnosis: lupus-mediated membranous glomerulonephritis now, eighteen years later you’re all i’ve got my future is in the capillaries of your glomeruli i’ve taken pills done prayers of all kinds even injected myself with german baby’s umbilical cord to keep you going yet you falter healers put the blame on all kinds of things deep-seated fears petrochemicals lead cadmium karma white flour self-hatred seriousness we’re in this together, you and i let’s go get sunshine drink green tea grow tall and strong wade in waters up to our knees like the cypress in the florida swamps gracing riverbanks and wetlands roots filtering flowing waters branches stretching to the skies with their durable and eternal woods 422 tatiana de la tierra Topanga Canyon i had forgotten trees how they claim earth and sky a herd of elephants standing in place reaching up with their trunks carrying torches of green leaves that breathe after death crushed at my feet trees splayed out like spent lovers legs open... (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Image and SilenceGiorgio AgambenTranslated by Leland de la Durantaye (bio)[End Page 94]In the Roman pantheon there is a goddess named Angerona, represented with her mouth bound and sealed (ore obligato signatoque).1 Her finger is raised to her lips as if to command silence. Scholars claim that she represents, in the context of pagan mystery cults, the power of silence, although there is no consensus among them as to how (...) to understand this power. Etymologically speaking, myein, the root of the Greek word mysterion, means “to close the mouth, to silence.” At the beginning of the sacred rites in Eleusis a herald “commanded silence” (epittatei tēn siōpen). It is said that that the initiates into these Eleusinian mysteries were required to maintain absolute silence concerning what they had seen and heard during their initiation. Our question is how to understand this silence. Was it a prohibition aimed at keeping a secret doctrine from the uninitiated? Or did it concern, instead, something truly impossible to say?To begin we might ask what sense there might have been in the obligation to remain silent given that it was possible for anyone—including slaves, and thus, potentially, the entire population of Athens—to be initiated into the mysteries. In his early work, “On Philosophy,” Aristotle affirmed that, “the initiates do not need to learn something (mathein ti), but, instead, to be disposed to something, to experience and to undergo something (pathein kai diatethēnai).”2 It would therefore be possible that in the ancient mystery cults the initiate did not learn a doctrine that could be expressed in words (yet had to remain secret), but, instead, experienced something essentially silent, something impossible to say. “A great awe in face of the gods,” we read in the Homeric ode to Demeter, “silences the voice.”3The impossibility of speaking—and the power of silence—has two forms, one joyful and the other disturbing. In myth muteness is often associated with rape. The Romans tell the story of Lara who was punished for her inclination to gossip by being rendered mute and who was then raped in a sacred wood by Mercury (who took advantage of her impossibility of speaking). Before being transformed into a swallow Philomela was raped by Tereus, who cut off her tongue to prevent her from recounting his misdeed. Persephone, raped, kidnapped, and conducted to Hades, remained there silent as the dead. In every one of these cases silence is the painful experience of a privation of speech, of being unable to say what one wishes to say.In Gnostic mythology, the preexisting, eternal, uncreated God contains within himself a female figure which is his silence, Sigē. From his union with Silence Thought is born. “Sigē,” we read in a Valentinian text, “is the mother of all the beings that have emerged from the Abyss. He who has failed to say the unsayable has silenced it; he who was understood the unsayable, has declared it unsayable.”4 Here too silence appears as the experience of an impossibility of saying, as a privation. It is in opposition to this abyssal figure of silence that the church fathers affirmed the primacy of the logos in which God is revealed. Nevertheless, of the power of silence Heidegger would write: “This primordial silence is more powerful than any human potentiality. No one, on his or her own, has ever invented language—that is, has been strong enough to break the power of this silence.”5 [End Page 95]In Kafka’s parable on Ulysses, we are told that the silence of the Sirens is more perilous than their song, and that Ulysses—who realized, as his ship neared them, that the Sirens were silent—put on an act to protect himself from this silence, plugging his ears with wax and having his men tie him to the mast.6 In Kafka’s retelling of the tale, the silence of the Sirens represents a zero degree of song and, following a stubborn tradition that sees in absence the most extreme form of presence, also represents an at once zero and ultimate degree of reality. In this sense Heidegger could write... (shrink)

Two populations are subdivided into two categories of individuals (hawks and doves). Individuals fight to have access to a resource which is necessary for their survival. Conflicts occur between individuals belonging to the same population and to different populations. We investigate the long term effects of the conflicts on the stability of the community. The modelis a set of ODE's with four variables corresponding to hawk and dove individuals of the two populations. Two time scales are considered. A fast time (...) scale is used to describe frequent encounters and fightings between individuals trying to monopolize the resource. A slow time scale is used for the demography and the long term effects of encounters. We use aggregation methods in order to reduce this model into a system of two ODE's only for the total densities of the two populations which is found to be a classical Lotka-Volterra competition model. We study different cases of proportions of hawks and doves in both populations on the global coexistence and the mutal exclusion of the two populations. Pure dove tactics in both populations are unstable. In cases of mixed hawk and dove in both populations, there is coexistence. Pure dove or mixed hawk-dove tactics in one population can coexist with pure hawks in the other one when the costs of fightings between hawks are large enough. (shrink)

La philosophie aussi bien que la religion sont d'accord sur la posibilité d'atteindre par l'homme la vérité en tant que domaine obscurci primitivement par la conviction familiére (et par cela meme évidente), que la vérité est simple et visible partout. Les pensées des grands de ce monde indiquent souvent la valeur illusoire que nous attribuons à cette conviction commune et irréfléchie. Que l'on soit dans l'état de rêve ou sous l'emprise d'une illusion créée celui qui tente, ils s'y opposent en (...) disant qu'il ne s'agit là que fausse foi hantée par un effort de surpasser les pensées les lus primitives et les plus simples. Tenté, l'homme engage un combat solitaire et dramatique. Il quite l'ancien univers sans atteindre le nouveau. De ce fait, il se situe dans une liberté dangereuse venant des privations – il doit tout quitter pour tout gagner. (shrink)

Cette contribution présente un programme d’investigation en cours sur la maladie chronique, son lien au concept de nature et combien sont limités la connaissance, les langages et les vocabulaires la concernant. L’article évoque le manque d’odes à la maladie et de livres qui pourraient mettre en lumière et recréer les fluctuations de cette nature dépourvue de sens. Il éclaire l’invention du diagnostic de la souffrance, sa mesure et son vocabulaire ainsi que sa place dans les interventions sur les blogs et (...) forums. Il discute la rareté d’un monde commun en la matière, qui est de parvenir à parler de la condition humaine et de forcer la solitude de malades qui n’ont pas de mots pour parler de ce qui leur arrive. (shrink)

Pour bien établir que le poète n’a pas pour tâche de rendre simplement ce qu’il a sous les yeux, mais, bien plutôt, de faire apparaître les choses dans leur advenir même, l’œuvre du poète grec Pindare s’impose à nous comme l’une des plus propres à manifester la vérité de cette thèse ; c’est l’étude de ses Odes Victoriales, principalement de la Septième Olympique dans son développement, qui va nous fournir de quoi la déterminer concrètement, en nous montrant comment le poète (...) procède en toute conscience. (shrink)

El presente trabajo aborda la temática de la temporalidad ligada a la producción de relatos de memoria en la antigua Grecia, cuando esta tarea era encomendada a la creación de palabra en boca de los poetas. Mediante un estudio de las odas y de los epinicios de Píndaro -tanto en el contexto de su surgimiento como a través de interpretaciones filosóficas posteriores-, los relatos plausibles de conformar una memoria aparecen ligados a un acto de composición selectivo, donde el poeta decidirá (...) qué acontecimientos serán dignos de Elogio y cuáles, en cambio, de Vituperio. En un contexto que se asume complejo, constituido por fuerzas ambivalentes, las producciones de palabra al servicio de un sostenimiento de la memoria deberán sortear siempre la opacidad de las circunstancias que la confunden, la ironizan, la amenazan de olvido. La palabra, así, en boca de los poetas, tendrá la eficacia capaz de dar cuenta de una economía de lo verdadero que ya va trazando la memoria de las paradojas de su propia historia. This paper addresses the issue of temporality linked to the production of memory narratives in ancient Greece, when this task was entrusted to poets and their creation of words. Through a study of Pindar Odes and Epinicia - both, in the context of its emergence as through further philosophical interpretations- plausible stories to form a memory appear linked to a selective act of composition, where the poet decides what events will be worthy of Praise, and which, instead, of Shame. In a context that is assumed complex, consisting of mixed forces, word productions serving a sustaining memory must always overcome the opacity of the confusing circumstances, the irony, and the threat of oblivion. Words, in the voice of the poets, will become the efficacy marks of some kind of economy of the ruth that is already mapping the paradoxal memory of its own history. (shrink)

" Le monde qui s'offre à nous est formidable. " C'est un livre jubilatoire que nous propose le philosophe Yves Roucaute. Une ode à la révolution des Temps Contemporains. Abolition du travail et robots, corps bioniques et bébés sur mesure, clonage et cryogénisation, corps augmenté et suppression des maladies, télé-transportation et véhicules indépendants, disparition de l'Etat et du pouvoir politique, de la guerre et de l'oppression des nations, économie collaborative et réseaux sociaux, abrogation de l'écriture et du dressage éducatif, libération (...) du corps féminin, art contemporain et conquête spatiale, le meilleur est devant nous. Fruit d'un considérable travail de recherches philosophiques, historiques et scientifiques, ce texte revisite toute l'histoire de l'humanité. Il fait le récit passionnant de la lutte pour la reconnaissance de la nature créatrice humaine contre la pensée magico-religieuse née il y a 12 000 ans et qui s'achève avec la modernité. Adieu le chimérique Homo sapiens, l'opposition " matérialisme " et " idéalisme ", adieu " socialisme ", " libéralisme ", " utilitarisme ", adieu tristesse des professionnels de l'apocalypse. " Je suis Celui qui crée ", tel est le credo de l'homme contemporain, parvenu à la conscience de lui-même. Ce livre à la fois joyeux et érudit, accessible et savant, balaie les illusions d'hier. Ses analyses rigoureuses et pleines d'humour revisitent les fables et les récits mythologiques. Contre le relativisme, il propose une nouvelle morale universelle, celle du " Moi d'abord, moi d'accord ". (shrink)

In the "Ode to Man," in Antigone, Sophocles stressed the moral ambiguity of the technique. Since it can be used for both good and bad, it requires a higher guidance, one represented by divine law. This theme is taken up by Aristotle, but on a secular basis, with his idea that some things are right or wrong by nature. For Aristotle, the straight orientation of the technique does not depend primarily on knowledge of certain ethical rules, but on the formation (...) of character, since knowledge of what is good depends on the moral disposition of the subject. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Books ReceivedAndrianou, Dimitra. The Furniture and Furnishings of Ancient Greek Houses and Tombs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. xvi + 213 pp. 24 black-and-white figs. Cloth, $80.Andrisano, Angela Maria, and Paolo Fabbri, eds. La favola di Orfeo: Letteratura, immagine, performance. Ferrara: UnifePress, 2009. 255 pp. 41 black-and-white figs. Paper, €15.Bartsch, Shadi, and David Wray, eds. Seneca and the Self. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. ix + 304 pp. 1 (...) black-and-white ill. Cloth, $99.Bers, Victor. Genos Dikanikon: Amateur and Professional Speech in the Courtrooms of Classical Athens. Hellenic Studies 33. Washington, D.C.: Center for Hellenic Studies, 2009. Dist. by Harvard University Press. ix + 159 pp. Paper, $15.95.Bowie, Ewen, and Jaś Elsner, eds. Philostratus. Greek Culture in the Roman World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. xii + 401 pp. 14 black-and-white ills. Cloth, $135.Bowlby, Rachel. Freudian Mythologies: Greek Tragedy and Modern Identities. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. viii + 251 pp. Paper, $49.95.Calame, Claude. Poetic and Performative Memory in Ancient Greece: Heroic Reference and Ritual Gestures in Time and Space. Hellenic Studies 18. Washington, D.C.: Center for Hellenic Studies, 2009. Dist. by Harvard University Press. xii + 267 pp. 9 black-and-white figs. Paper, $19.95Collins, Paul. Assyrian Palace Sculptures. With photographs by Lisa Baylis and Sandra Marshall. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2009. 144 pp. Numerous color ills. Cloth, $45.Coltman, Viccy. Classical Sculpture and the Culture of Collecting in Britain Since 1870. Classical Presences. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. xiv + 315 pp. 85 black-and-white figs., 32 color plates. Cloth, $99.Comoth, Katharina. Gott selbst und die Idee. Beiträge zur Philosophie. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2009. 86 pp. 2 black-and-white ills. Paper, €10.Connelly, Joan Breton. Portrait of a Priestess: Women and Ritual in Ancient Greece. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2007. xv + 421 pp. Numerous black-and-white figs., 27 color plates, 3 maps. Paper, $35. [End Page 345]Eezzuduemhoi, James. I. A. A Fundamental Greek Course. Ed. Glenn Storey. Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 2009. xxxv + 547 pp. Paper, $65.Erskine, Andrew, ed. A Companion to Ancient History. Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. xxxvii + 693 pp. 27 black-and-white figs., 5 maps. Cloth, $199.95.Flower, Harriet I. Roman Republics. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2010. xv + 204 pp. Cloth, $29.95.Föllinger, Sabine. Aischylos: Meister der griechischen Tragödie. Munich: C. H. Beck, 2009. 224 pp. 5 black-and-white ills. Cloth, €24.90.Goldhill, Simon, and Edith Hall, eds. Sophocles and the Greek Tragic Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. xvi + 336 pp. Cloth, $99.Grethlein, Jonas, and Antonios Rengakos, eds. Narratology and Interpretation. Trends in Classics 4. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2009. vii + 630 pp. Cloth, €93.41.Haziza, Typhaine. Le Kaléidoscope hérodotéen: Images, imaginaire et représentations de l'Égypte à travers le livre II d'Hérodote. Études anciennes 142. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 2009. 393 pp. 7 black-and-white figs. Paper, €45.Jouanna, Jacques, and Franco Montanari, eds. Eschyle: À l'aube du théâtre occidental. Entretiens Hardt 55. Geneva: Fondation Hardt, 2009. Dist. by Vandoeuvres. xi + 510 pp. Cloth: SFr 85.Johnson, Mark J. The Roman Imperial Mausoleum in Late Antiquity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. xviii + 296 pp. Numerous black-and-white figs., 16 color plates. Cloth, $95.Kronenberg, Leah. Allegories of Farming from Greece and Rome: Philosophical Satire in Xenophon, Varro, and Virgil. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. xi + 223 pp. Cloth, $99.Loukopoulou, Louisa D., and Selene Psoma, eds. Thrakika Zetemata. Vol. 1. In collaboration with Athéna Iakovidou. Meletemata 58. Athens: Research Centre for Greek and Roman Antiquity of the National Hellenic Research Foundation, 2008. Dist. by Boccard. 175 pp. Numerous black-and-white figs. Paper, price not stated.Lowrie, Michèle, ed. Horace: Odes and Epodes. Oxford Readings in Classical Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. viii + 472 pp. Cloth, $199; paper, $75.Martin, Gunther. Divine Talk: Religious Argumentation in Demosthenes. Oxford Classical Mongraphs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. ix + 345 pp. Cloth, $125. [End Page 346]Mendoni, Lina G., and Sophia B... (shrink)

La troisième Pythique de Pindare comporte un nombre extraordinaire de termes relatifs à des états de conscience (νόος, φρήν, γνώμα, ψυχά, θυμός et καρδία). En particulier, la narration mythique de l’ode détaille la façon dont Apollon s’est rendu compte, tout seul et à distance, que la mère d’Asclépios lui était infidèle : le νόος y joue à l’évidence un rôle capital mais le texte requiert un examen minutieux (v. 24-32). Plus loin, Pindare invite son dédicataire à cultiver lui aussi son (...) intériorité (v. 80-82) et esquisse ainsi les contours d’un savoir humain qui n’est ni absolu, ni aveugle, ni corrompu. Un rapprochement avec Pyth. 9, 33 sqq. permet d’éclairer avec humour les troubles de l’omniscience divine. (shrink)

El presente trabajo aborda la temática de la temporalidad ligada a la producción de relatos de memoria en la antigua Grecia, cuando esta tarea era encomendada a la creación de palabra en boca de los poetas. Mediante un estudio de las odas y de los epinicios de Píndaro -tanto en el contexto de su surgimiento como a través de interpretaciones filosóficas posteriores-, los relatos plausibles de conformar una memoria aparecen ligados a un acto de composición selectivo, donde el poeta decidirá (...) qué acontecimientos serán dignos de Elogio y cuáles, en cambio, de Vituperio. En un contexto que se asume complejo, constituido por fuerzas ambivalentes, las producciones de palabra al servicio de un sostenimiento de la memoria deberán sortear siempre la opacidad de las circunstancias que la confunden, la ironizan, la amenazan de olvido. La palabra, así, en boca de los poetas, tendrá la eficacia capaz de dar cuenta de una economía de lo verdadero que ya va trazando la memoria de las paradojas de su propia historia. This paper addresses the issue of temporality linked to the production of memory narratives in ancient Greece, when this task was entrusted to poets and their creation of words. Through a study of Pindar Odes and Epinicia - both, in the context of its emergence as through further philosophical interpretations- plausible stories to form a memory appear linked to a selective act of composition, where the poet decides what events will be worthy of Praise, and which, instead, of Shame. In a context that is assumed complex, consisting of mixed forces, word productions serving a sustaining memory must always overcome the opacity of the confusing circumstances, the irony, and the threat of oblivion. Words, in the voice of the poets, will become the efficacy marks of some kind of economy of the ruth that is already mapping the paradoxal memory of its own history. (shrink)

t. 1. Des erreurs et de la vérité.--Ode sur l'origine.--Stances sur l'origine.

Ayn Rand, née Alise Rosenbaum en URSS en 1905 et disparue en 1982 à New York, est aux antipodes de la pensée critique européenne : son éthique de l'égoïsme, son culte de la rationalité doublé d'une ode à la liberté, sa pensée capitaliste intransigeante, sa brutalité intellectuelle en font un personnage controversé. Anticonformiste radicale, elle reste aussi une curiosité en Amérique, puisqu'elle parvient tout à la fois à fustiger l'interventionnisme économique de Roosevelt et Kennedy, condamner la guerre du Vietnam, défendre (...) l'avortement, critiquer la religion et tailler en pièces le racisme. S'il importe de comprendre son œuvre, c'est au moins à double titre. D'abord pour saisir sa popularité aux États-Unis, où son roman La Grève reste considéré comme un des ouvrages les plus influents après la Bible. Ensuite, pour opérer un droit d'inventaire sur une pensée de l'émancipation qui exalte la confiance en l'individu, acteur de son propre destin. Elle réhabilite ainsi la notion d'héroïsme, à la croisée des idées et d'une passion pour le cinéma qui imprègne toute son œuvre. Mathilde Berger-Perrin s'essaie avec brio et empathie à ce difficile exercice d'admiration et de distanciation."--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)

Le patriarcat au singulier est une construction mythique permise aujourd’hui par la concision et la répétition du message numérique. L’heure est plus que jamais à l’opposition binaire des catégories et à la concurrence entre mouvements. Le mouvement #MeToo a été lancé en 2007 par une femme noire devenue vice-présidente de la fondation Girls for Gender Equity. Il s’agit de construire une communauté de plaignantes, un groupe d’assujetties au binarisme genré, au modelé médiatique des visages de stars, et d’entonner une véritable (...) ode aux méfaits du patriarcat, ce à quoi contribue également le témoignage de Vanessa Springora. Le hashtag rappelle la grille du vieux confessionnal. (shrink)

Este artículo se dedica al estudio de Afrodita en los poemas del poeta mélico tardo-arcaico Baquílides, específicamente en el Fr.20 B, el Ditirambo 17 y en el Epinicio 5. Se toma como base la representación de la diosa en la mélica griega arcaica, con excepción de Píndaro, a fin de observar semejanzas y diferencias en su diseño en el poeta de Ceos y en el modo en que el erotismo figura en el pequeño corpus considerado, principalmente en el tercer texto (...) indicado. This article turns to the study of Aphrodite in the three melic poems of the late archaic Greek poet Bacchylides, where she is found: Fr. 20B, 17 th Dythiramb and 5 th Epinician ode. The background for the commentary will be the representation of the goddess especially in archaic Greek melic poetry, except for Pindar, and a comparative perspective will be sustained throughout, so that similarities as well as differences may be observed in the Cean poet's drawing of the goddess and in the way eroticism is present in the corpus defined for this paper - mainly in its third song. (shrink)

American School Editions - Tac. Hist. 1. 2. By F. G. Moore, Professor of Classical Philology in Columbia University. Macmillan and Co. - Hor. Odes and Epodes. By P. Shorey and G. J. Laing, Professor in the University of Chicago. Students' Series of Latin Classics: - Cicero's Letters. By E. Riess, Department of Classics, High School, Brooklyn. Macmillan and Co. - Volume 27 Issue 1.

El tema de los vivientes animales escasi ignorado hoy por la filosofia de origentomista, poco y nada hablan de él exponentes dela escuela en este sigla. Santo Tomás mismo sibien no les dedicá un estudio especial, enreiterados pasajes se refirió ai tema comonecesario desde la perspectiva de Comentador ode Teólogo. En muchos lugares habla de la vidasensitiva que en estado puro se halla en losanimales, como siendo las creaturas vivientes quecomparten con el hombre la misma naturalezagenérica que él debe tratar (...) como parte de suconsideración teológica o filosófica. Los textossorprenden por su cantidad, su penetranteobservación sobre el reino al)imal y su carácterfilosófico, pudiendo ser la base para un estudioque yo llamaria zoología filosófica. Tal vez uno delos temas más interesantes sea la consideraciónsobre la potencia sensitiva denominadaestimativa, y sus posibilidades para explicaralgunos rasgos dei comportarniento animal. En lavisión creacionista de Santo Tomás nuestroshumildes he~anos en el género adquieren todoel valor creatural que les corresponde y exigen deihombre considerarlos como imagen de Dios. Lascircunstancias históricas actuales apoyan estavisión revaloradora. (shrink)

L’Olimpica 13 di Pindaro, dedicata a Senofonte di Corinto, presenta due caratteristiche macroscopiche: lunghi elenchi di vittorie ottenute dalla famiglia di Senofonte e un accumulo di miti strettamente legati alla città di Corinto (Sisifo, Medea, Glauco e Bellerofonte). Questa connessione con Corinto è stata fortemente rimarcata, con particolare attenzione alla famiglia degli Oligetidi e ai miti di Medea e Sisifo presenti nei perduti Korinthiaká di Eumelo. Nondimeno, l’ode sembra mostrare i tipici meccanismi atti a interessare pubblici secondari. Ritengo che le (...) narrazioni di Pindaro siano consapevolmente generiche, allo scopo di permettere riesecuzioni in festival e simposi. Dall’altro lato, anche la precisione dei cataloghi di vittorie può avere la funzione, in scenari di riesecuzione, di dare ai futuri ascoltatori la sensazione di trovarsi nel luogo della prima esecuzione (l’espediente della cosiddetta “pseudo-intimacy”). (shrink)

1 Il primo inganno Tu non nascesti per la morte, immortale Uccello!le affannate generazioni non ti calpestano;la voce ch’io odo in questa fuggevole notte fu uditain antichi giorni dall’imperatore e dal villano. Questi versi dall’ Ode a un usignolo di John Keats, del 1819, ripropongono la domanda retorica che già Kant aveva posto nel 1790: «Che cosa c’è di più celebrato dai poeti dell’affascinante bel canto dell’usignolo, in cespugli solitari, in una calma sera d’estate, sotto la dolce luce de...

En un estilo claro, despojado de t rminos t cnicos, Alberto Clemente de la Torre traza un recorrido por los principales t picos de la f sica cu ntica destinados a todos aquellos que quieren descubrir uno de los temas m s sugerentes de la ciencia contempor nea, sin exigirles Para ello conocimientos previos.

Julien Offray de La Mettrie (1709-51), author of Machine Man (1747), was the most uncompromising of the materialists of the eighteenth century, and the provocative title of his work ensured it a succès de scandale in his own time. It was however a serious, if polemical, attempt to provide an explanation of the workings of the human body and mind in purely material terms and to show that thought was the product of the workings of the brain alone. This fully (...) annotated edition presents a new English translation of the text together with the most important of La Mettrie's other philosophical works, translated into English for the first time, and Ann Thomson's introduction examines his aims and the scandalous moral consequences which he drew from his materialism. (shrink)

Recent philosophers, political scientists and cultural theorists have suggested that the concept of cosmopolitanism is useful to theorize an ideal relationship between different nations, and to confront the problems faced by asylum-seekers and refugees. Here, La Caze discusses Immanuel Kant's view of cosmopolitanism which occurs in the context of his teleological philosophy of history and his views on politics.

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:102 HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY historical circumstances a suprahistorical, eternal significance, and that a historian or interpreter of a philosophy will do it justice only if he grasps this lasting truth and content, in addition to comparing it with the opinions of other earlier or later thinkers. One cannot see how a thinker who considered Plato as valid while treating him and others historically could have arrived at a different (...) conclusion. But it is a position admirably expressed that would deserve greater attention and a wider following among the present practitioners of the history of philosophy. Hoffmann's method and style in this, as in most of his other writings, deserve the highest praise, for he combines simplicity with density. His manner of expression reflects his commitment to truth (a commitment curiously omitted by many contemporary existentialists), and the integrity of his character: Hoffmann was one of the few German scholars who made no concessions to Nazism because he was a faithful representative of that German tradition which was incompatible with Nazism: classical humanism in its scholarly, literary and educational meaning, philosophical idealism, and liberal protestantism. Guided by Plato, Kant and Goethe, Hoffmann was untouched by the Romantic and nationalistic strands of German thought. His work transmits to us the precious heritage of a life completely devoted to philosophy and to scholarship, and of an important period in the history of German thought. He omits many things which we have learned in the last few years, or which we may still learn through future studies. Yet he can teach us many important things that are too easily forgotten in our present discussions: the role of Platonism in the history of philosophy and of the sciences, and the fundamental impact of ancient philosophy upon early Christian, medieval and modern thought. It is a heritage which we should try to enlarge, if we can, but also strive to preserve, and to keep alive. PAUL OSKARKRISTELLER Columbia University Studies in Epicurus and Aristotle. By Philip Merlan. (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz [Klassisch-Philologische Studien, Heft 22], 1960. Pp. viii + 112. P1. 4. DM 12.--) Ever since the publication in 1936 of Bignone's L'Aristotele perduto e la formazione filosofica di Epicuro there have been attempts to define the exact nature of the debt which Epicurus owes to the Peripatos. In this collection of essays, the author of From Platonism to Neoplatonism turns his keen powers of analysis upon a number of specific problems deriving from Plato's Laws and carrying us via Aristotle's Metaphysics and Ethics to Epicurus's theology and beyond. In the first chapter, "Hedone in Epicurus and Aristotle," the author takes us on a generous stroll through hedonist materials, BOOK REVIEWS 103 including an ode by Schiller, to explore the precise meaning of the term hedone. More especially he is concerned to show how close the Epicurean understanding of the term is to that of Aristotle in at least some of his writings, notably Protrepticus and Nic. Eth. H and Met. A. The results of this investigation may be stated in the author's own words: Whether it occurs in Epicurus or in Aristotle, the term hedone can mean anything between gross sensual "pleasure" and entirely spiritual "joy." And on the whole it seems preferable to speak of the philosophy of Epicurus as a philosophy of joy rather than of pleasure. As far as Aristotle is concerned, it seems more appropriate to say that his Changeless Changer (or Changeless Changers) live a life that is filled with joy rather than pleasure, and that his hedonism is ultimately rooted in that of Eudoxus. Chapter 2, "How Many Kinds of Divinities Did Epicurus Recognize?," argues from the theory of the existence of indiscernible non-identicals (Cicero,4cademica 2.17.55; Philodemus De Pietate col. 80 = fr. 40 Us.) and from the theory of "isonomia," i.e., the balancing of one class of things by an equally large class of a different or opposite character (cf. C. Bailey, Greek Atomists, p. 461 ff.) that the Epicureans recognized two types of worshippables, as is indeed suggested by schol. Diog. Laert. 10.139: (I) the popular traditional divinities who are kar arithmon, i.e., severally unique, and... (shrink)

With the advent of the cloud computing model allowing a shared access to massive computing facilities, a surging demand emerges for the protection of the intellectual property tied to the programs executed on these uncontrolled systems. If novel paradigm as confidential computing aims at protecting the data manipulated during the execution, obfuscating techniques (in particular at the source code level) remain a popular solution to conceal the purpose of a program or its logic without altering its functionality, thus preventing reverse-engineering (...) on the program even with the help of computing resources. The many advantages of code obfuscation, together with its low cost, makes it a popular technique. This paper proposes a novel methodology for source code obfuscation that can be used together with other traditional obfuscation techniques, making the code more robust against reverse engineering attacks. Three program complexity metrics are used to define three different single-objective combinatorial optimization versions of the problem, which are solved and analysed. Additionally, three multi-objective problems are defined, those considering each of the selected metrics together with the program execution time, in order to avoid strong obfuscations penalizing the performance. The goal of the defined problems is to find sequences of LLVM optimizations that lead to highly obfuscated versions of the original code. These transformations are applied to the back-end pseudo-assembly code (i.e., LLVM Intermediate Representation), thus avoiding any further optimizations by the compiler. Classical genetic algorithms (GAs) are used to solve the studied problems, namely a basic cellular GA for the single-objective problems and the popular NSGA-II for the multi-objective ones. The promising results show the potential of the proposed technique. (shrink)

La adaptación a la vida universitaria representa un gran desafío para los jóvenes. Dadas las nuevas dificultades que se añaden a este reto como consecuencia del COVID-19, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar la producción científica sobre esta cuestión de las últimas tres décadas (1991-2021). Para ello, se ha combinado el estudio bibliométrico con técnicas de análisis de redes sociales a través de los softwares Rstudio y Vosviewer. Se han analizado 291 artículos procedentes de la base de datos Scopus. (...) Los resultados permiten obtener una visión holística de este campo y de su evolución a lo largo del tiempo. (shrink)

The purpose of this article is to show how moral imagination can be cultivated through meditation. Moral imagination was conceived as a three-stage process of ethical development. The first stage is reproductive imagination, that involves attaining awareness of the contextual factors that affect perception of a moral problem. The second stage, productive imagination, consists of reframing the problem from different perspectives. The third stage, creative imagination, entails developing morally acceptable alternatives to solve the ethical problem. This article contends that moral (...) imagination can be cultivated through three kinds of meditation: non-discursive, semidiscursive, and discursive meditation. Part one shows how the seed of reproductive moral imagination is planted during sessions of nondiscursive meditation. Productive moral imagination, as will be shown in part two, is nurtured through semidiscursive meditation. Part three will demonstrate the flowering of creative moral imagination through discursive meditation. Reflection and small group discussion on each form of meditation will help to show business people how to cultivate moral imagination. (shrink)